Russia Travel Guide > Sergiev Posad > Troitsky Monastery
The Troitze-Sergiyev monastery stands on top of a small hill known as Makovetz. It was founded in the 1330s and -40s by the brothers Varfolomey and Stefan. Varfolomey, who took the vows, receiving the name of Sergey, is historically significant not only as the monastery's founder, but as an avid champion of Russian princes, who supported the unification of Russian lands under Moscow's aegis. It was he who blessed prince Dmitry Donskoy before the Battle of Kulikovo.
St. Sergiy died in 1392. In 1422, he was canonised and the white-stone Troitzkiy Cathedral was founded on top of his grave.
Ivan the Terrible was baptized in the monastery. During his reign an emphasis was made on its conversion into a solid fortress. Indeed, in Peter I's times, the monastery was still listed as one. In 1689, during the rebellion of the strel'tzy (army) in Moscow, tzar Peter hid behind its walls.
In 1744, by order of the Empress Elizaveta Petrovna, the monastery was given the honourary title of Lavra, (a monastery of the highest order,) which emphasized its primary role among other religious entities. The monastery was closed during 1919-1946. It was stripped of authority over the churches, its monks were dispersed or repressed.
These days, the Lavra is an active male monastery, a religious landmark of Orthodox Russia. The monastery is home to the Moscow Spiritual Academy and Seminary, as well as a museum-sanctuary, each serving in its own way to preserve the spiritual traditions, history and architecture of this amazing place, where Russia's heart lives on. Many of the Lavra's buildings, dating to the 15th-19th centuries, were created by Russia's best masters, and are a textbook of sorts on the history of Russian architecture — an open-air museum. The architectural complex of the Troitze-Sergiyeva Lavra is on UNESCO's List of World Heritage.
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